With demand for maize expected to double by 2050, the. Maize production practises for increased productivity among small holder farmers in central kenya 1 mbure g. Pdf status and production technology of maize researchgate. Approximately 8,0 million tons of maize grain are produced in. Adoption of maize production technologies in southern. Advanced farming systems and new technologies for the maize.
Hybrid maize is the greatest practical achievement of plant genetics to date. The optimum temperature for maize growth and development is 18 to 32 c. Maize is a staple crop in zimbabwe and hence bears important implications for poverty alleviation and food security attainment. Production technology for maize sowing through seeding. Maize and wheat improvement center cimmyt, the united republic of tanzania, and the southern africa centre for cooperation in agricultural research saccar. Technical bulletin on maize production technologies in.
Maize remains a key food crop in africa, latin america and asia where it is primarily used as human food. Adoption of maize production technologies in central tanzania. Maize is the most abundant crop grown in the united states. However, a farmer can manipulate the environment by managing factors such as cultivar choice, soil tillage, crop rotation, fertilisation, irrigation and pest control. Therefore, the major objective of this maize seed production technique manual is to improve the knowledge to farmers about technical and management activities, including increment in production of quality seed of maize. Receiving as a reference to the available theoretical and practical educational materials included in this maize farming techniques manual. Using a structured questionnaire, researchers and extension officers interviewed farmers in june november. Introduction maize zea mays l is the most important and most widely distributed cereal in the world after wheat and rice. If we understand how the corn plant grows, develops, and produces grain, we have a better chance of knowing what will affect plant growth and consequently how to manage the crop for best production.
This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk. The seed rate varies depending on purpose, seed size, plant type, season, sowing methods etc. Singlecross hybrids are not only common in field crops such as maize and sunflower but also an adapted technology in vegetable and floriculture seed production. Hence, the maize has emerged as important crop in the nontraditional regions i. This led to the 2007 harvest being one of the most profitable maize crops in modern history for farmers. Furthermore, the maize exists in different forms in respect to size and colour of plant and ear, type and size of the kernel, as is showed in figure 3. Nafziger encyclopedia of life support systems eolss most of the maize production in the usa is concentrated in the us corn belt, the larg. Introduction maize being the highest yielding cereal crop in the world is a significant importance for countries like pakistan, where rapidly increasing population has already out stripped the available food supplies. Adoption and impacts of improved maize production technology. The crop you hope to produce is dependent on the genetic and environmental characteristics in which the plant was grown. Develop genetically diverse, highyielding maize inbred lines and hybrids, combining multiplestress tolerance, nutrient use efficiency, enhanced nutritional quality, and desirable seed production properties for target production zones. It is meant to enhance the efficiency of farmers or agricultural extension personnel for maize. The maize plant depends largely on nature to shape its growth, development and yield.
Apr 27, 2015 major maize production states in india. Crop production technologies directorate of agriculture. Sustainable maize production technique is the set of sitespecific management strategies aimed to reduces the vulnerabilities to multiple stresses and improve the resilience of the production systems. Globally, maize is known as queen of cereals because it has the. The project developed and tested the feasibility of the easy dry m500 m for maize and 500 for kilograms per batch with local manufacturers, entrepreneurs, and smallholder farmers in east africa for drying maize and groundnuts. This study was conducted to document maize production practices among small scale farmers in central kenya. There is a particular focus on the role of the private sector. To achieve the objective of providing quality seeds to farmers, requires capacity building in seed production. The maize crop as a basic feed for beef production the grassland research institute, hurley, maidenhead, united kingdom. The expert system for maize crop emulates the interaction a user might have with a human expert to solve a problem.
Published statistics of the area cultivated and planted with maize mostly ignore for example that maize is also grown as fodder or silage crop especially in countries where dairy production is developed. Maize production, productivity and profitability are crucial for. The following crop geometry and seed rate should be adopted. These include herbicide tolerant and insect resistant maize, soybean and cotton. Aflatoxin management for smallholder farmers of maize and. The maize value chain in tanzania food and agriculture. This report of the adoption of maize production technologies in southern tanzania forms part of. Crop science agriculture the production of food, feed, fiber, fuel and other goods by the systematic raising of plants and animals science, art and business of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock the work of raising crops or livestock from latin ager, a field. Maize is the third most important food crop in the world surpassed only by two other grains, wheat and rice kyenpia et al. Soil and climate maize is adapted to wild variety of soil and climate well drain heavy soils with high organic matter content and good water holding capacity. A case study of the ghana grains development project michael l. The study on maize outlines the outlook for maize, which is the second most important cereal crop after rice in south east asia.
Bullbeef production from the maize crop in italy in large and small units. Hybrid maize seed production manual 2 from thinning and topping and dry maize stalks and other residues can also be fed to animals. As production and diversification of maize increases, industrial use of maize will also become important in the country. Jun 14, 2016 immediately after emergence, maize crop faces a serious threat of shoot fly and stem borer attack. This report of the adoption of maize production technologies in the southern highlands of tanzania forms part of a larger study to evaluate the impact of maize research and extension throughout tanzania over the past 20 years. Adoption of maize production technologies in the southern. Successful maize production depends on the correct application of production inputs that will sustain the environment as well as agricultural production. Feb 28, 20 wheat production technology for rainfed areas of punjab for 2014.
New and future initiatives in crop genetic engineering. Maize crop finds much use as fodder for livestock and poultry. Maize is the priority food crop with 37% of the respondents having at least an acre of their land under maize. Advanced farming systems and new technologies for the maize industry1 aka whats new in maize production in the u. Field crop kharif importance and area, production and productivity of major cereals, millets, pulses and oilseeds of india rice maize wheat and barley oats, rye and triticale sorghum and pearl.
If you want to produce seed for your own use and sharing with neighbours, you can source seed from your existing maize crop in your farm provided it is not a hybrid maize crop. Jun 02, 2014 the economics of production of maize and its competitive crops like wheat, potato, chinairri paddy, mustard etc. The harvesting of cob and stalk should be done separately or stalk cut method of whole plant harvesting followed by manual picking of cobs. Today, crop protection products save nearly a quarter of all global staple crop supply from being lost to insects, weeds and disease.
The more i thought about this topic, the more i realized that there is a plethora of socalled advancements in crop production in todays agriculture compared to the agriculture of 100 years ago. For information about climate and soil, land preparation, varieties, high yielding hybrids and composites varieties, sowing, interculture, application of manures and fertilizers, irrigation, harvesting, etc. Maize is a popular kharif fodder in pakistan and finds much use as fodder for livestock and poultry. Special corn production 170kb hybrid maize seed production 33. Major maize or corn growing states are uttar pradesh, rajasthan, mp, bihar, himachal pradesh, jammu and kashmir, and punjab which together account for twothirds of the total area and output of the crop. However, when it comes to seed supply, farmers are often at the mercy of large seed companies and may not always be able to get the kind of seed they want. Transgenic crops with combined traits are also available commercially. Maize can be processed for a range of uses both as an ingredient in food or drinks, eg corn syrup in soft drinks or maize meal, or for industrial purposes. Maize milling business plan sample imvubu holdings, ltd siavonga district zambia. This study of the adoption of maize production technologies in central tanzania forms part of a larger.
Maize has for many years been the crop against which food security is measured in kenya. Maize or makka or corn crop cultivation guide maize. Maize maize farming farming manual farming techniques. Shoot fly and aphid are the pest of spring crop while stem borer is the major insect of autumn crop.
The economics of production of maize and its competitive crops like wheat, potato, chinairri paddy, mustard etc. Indias maize production is in between 1014 million tones, with 80 90% of the production being in the kharif season. Gm technology and conventional technology are the same. The optimum temperature for maize growth and development is. Nafziger encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. With genetic engineering, more than one trait can be incorporated or stacked into a plant. Maize production technologies in southern tanzania. Wheat is the most important cereal crop in pakistan and staple food. Economics program paper 9901 adoption and impacts of improved maize production technology. Crop productionproduction technology of carrots daucus carota. To examine the effects of gm technology and its inter actions with management, the estimated model was simulated to obtain the distribution function of maize yield under alternative scenarios. Maize production system book indian institute of maize research.
Maize corn is largely cultivated crop in north india. Irrigated puddled lowland rice any irrigated dry crop maize sorghum pearl millet finger millet cotton groundnut sunflower sesame the student. Apr 14, 2017 the maize plant depends largely on nature to shape its growth, development and yield. Maize zea mays l is one of the most versatile and multi utility crops, having. Free how to download pdf book full guide outline of practical crop production the crops are. America produces 32 percent of the worlds maize crop, making it the global leader in maize production.
Maize stalks are also used as fuel wood and for construction purposes. From 1866 until the late 1930s, national maize grain yields in the u. Maize milling business plan sample imvubu holdings. The production of certified seed for maize double hybrids is based on the crossing of two simple maize hybrids, one of which is used as a seed producer maternal form, axb and another as. Maize stem borer is a single major insect problem which will reduce the average and yield by about 1030% under normal conditions. Maize production technologies in india indian institute of maize. Animal feed science and technology the maize crop as a. Introduction maize zea mays l is one of the most versatile emerging crops having wider adaptability under varied agroclimatic conditions.
Wheat has a large share of cultivated land in rabi season and hence large production is expected. Maize farming corn information detailed guide agri farming. The global demand for maize imports continues to increase. Maize cultivation and production technology bakhabar kissan. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. Maizecorn is largely cultivated crop in north india. Information regarding maize, millet and sorghum production technology can be had from. Adoption of maize production technologies in southern tanzania. Field crop rabi how to download book full guide course outlines. Posted by muhammad shakil shaukat on thursday, february 28, 20. The objectives of cimmyts maize breeding and seed systems work are to.